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Writing Tips – Show, Don’t Tell – No. 13

Writing Tip No. 13

Show, Don’t Tell

 

Writers often make the mistake of “telling” their readers how someone feels (She felt her anger boiling over) or that the room is a mess (The room looked like a tornado came through it). But what readers and editors actually want is for you and I to paint a picture of what’s being seen and experienced from your character’s point of view.

Writers should avoid “telling” their readers information that is better experienced through showing them what’s being seen or experienced.

Below, I offer examples of “telling,” then I offer a correction, a “showing” sentence/paragraph that offers readers a more vivid picture of what’s going on.

To break the habit of “telling,” go to your manuscript and identify any sentence that “tells.” Most of them won’t include any details. Copy that sentence to a blank Word document. Then rip it apart. Use the examples I’ve provided here as a guide.

Telling Sentence #1

The room was a mess.

Explanation

This sentence “tells” the reader the room was a mess. But notice that the sentence doesn’t shows us anything. If your sentence doesn’t reveal any details, more than likely you’re “telling” your readers, rather than showing/revealing the details.

The room was a mess.

Also, this sentence can literally mean different things to different people. So, naturally what this sentence means to you may differ from the way the character in the novel sees it. Bottom line, readers want clarification of a messy room from your character’s point of view. That requires a “showing.”

I’m working on a novel about five women who battle obesity. The sentences below are extracted from my drafted manuscript, Easier to Die.

Instead of writing, “The room was a mess,” I wrote the following:

Correction / Showing

Diarra was quick to cover her mouth and nose to guard against the stench of sour milk inside Shelley’s bedroom. The room looked as if someone had been in a terrible fight—the comforter piled high in one corner, the venetian blinds one pull away from hitting the floor. Diarra didn’t want to imagine the struggle that must have taken place to remove her five-hundred-and-twenty-pound friend from the second-floor apartment building. No doubt, it wasn’t easy. On the corner of Shelley’s desk lay a plastic glass spilling a syrupy, chocolate mixture onto the floor. The countless magazines on the carpet left no room to place your feet. By the half-eaten plate of chicken Alfredo next to the computer, Shelley may have taken ill before finishing her meal. Diarra swatted at swarming gnats, still unable to grasp the death of her friend.

Final Explanation

The paragraph above gives you a visual. The reader is now seeing the room through Diarra’s eyes (Diarra’s point of view). The reader isn’t told the room is a mess. The reader sees the messy room as Diarra sees it.

If you were asked what a messy room means to you, it would be vastly different from Diarra’s point of view. But that’s the whole point … to see things through the character’s viewpoint and not our own. We are experiencing Diarra’s story, not our story. But don’t discount your personal experiences. They help you relate to Diarra. There are similarities. And these similarities help enrich your experience as a reader.

Telling Sentence #2

It was obvious she spent more money on her hair than her clothes.

Explanation

Telling your readers the woman spent more on her hair than her clothes doesn’t provide a good visual. No one sees evidence of this. You’re basically asking your reader to take your word for it.

Readers read because they enjoy the experiences afforded them through well-crafted words. Our job as writers is to cater to that need by painting vivid pictures. To do that, we must unfold minute details of well-kept secrets, use strong and vivid verbs for action, descriptive adjectives for sceneries, and the five senses to further engage our readers. It’s similar to “putting more meat on the bone” … or as my husband would say, “Honey, where’s the meat,” when he’s dishing up a bowl of pinto beans and cornbread. If I don’t have enough meat in that bean pot, he’s not happy. Likewise, your readers are not satisfied with your novel if you don’t flesh out your characters and their experiences.

Correction / Showing

The woman’s Botox smooth face resembled Betty Boop, only with thick, black glasses. Neatly cut into a short bob, her feathery strands tapered in the back and soft curls accented her temples. Heavily sprayed bangs swept across her forehead, not one strand out of place. The thin, faded garment she sported as a dress wasn’t a dress at all, but one of those familiar pink and green paisley housecoats worn by every grandma on this side of the Pacific. Diarra hurled a crooked grin at the garment, trying her best to avoid laughing at the woman’s beige support hose. Diarra arched an eyebrow and contemplated who this 1960s spectacle might be.

Final Explanation

The paragraph above offers more insight into the woman’s appearance. Her support hose gives you the idea she’s an older woman. Her hair signifies she’s trying to take years off her age with a younger-looking hairstyle. It’s a wonderful contradiction—a showing of the woman’s efforts to look younger without literally saying so.

In this paragraph, you also get more insight into Diarra’s character. She stifles a laugh at the woman’s hose. Why? Because Diarra thinks it’s funny the older woman is trying to defy her age.

Here in example #3, I made a lot of missteps. This is lengthy, but necessary to prove my point. Keep a sharp eye on the highlighted/underlined areas.

Telling Sentence #3

            “There you go, Carlie.  Just can’t keep the peace, can you?!” Angela yelled.

            “Ooh, this is my fault, right?” No one answered. “Riiight!” Carlie retreated to a corner in the bathroom and pouted.  She resented being picked on and lately it seemed to be happening more often.  She felt she had been treated better when they first met.  It had been an atrocious beginning.  Shelley had welcomed her with open arms, but the other three were reluctant.  Carlie sensed it; she could see it in their eyes.  Sometimes the memory of those first few months caused Carlie to curse them in her native tongue, just as she wanted to do now.  But it was Shelley’s day.  That much they had been right about.  She couldn’t wait for the day to end.  Like the others, she was exhausted—exhausted with the whole idea of dying.

Explanation

What makes this scene less engaging is the many stumbles I created with the use of fillers. Fillers are dead weight. They make your prose drag and can put your readers to sleep. Fillers can also be indicators you are “telling” your story, rather than giving your readers a vivid picture of the action. Let’s see if I can make this paragraph more dynamic and if I can do less “telling.”

Correction / Showing

            “There you go, Carlie. Just can’t keep the peace, can you?!” Angela yelled.

            “Ooh, so this is my fault, right?” No one answered. “Riiight!” Carlie stomped to the bathroom and slammed the door, shut the lid to the commode, and flopped her hefty body down. Who do they think they are? I refuse to be another punching bag. It reminded her of their atrocious beginning. Shelley welcomed her with open arms, but the others hesitated to hold a conversation with her. Carlie sensed their misgivings, saw it in their wayward glances. “Malditos sean!” Curse them all, she said in her native tongue. She let out a deep sigh. Today was Shelley’s day. That much they had been right about. But the day needed to end soon. She was exhausted—exhausted with the whole idea of dying.

Final Explanation

When I took out the auxiliary verbs (would, could), the paragraph became more active, more immediate for the reader. And instead of “telling” my readers Carlie felt she had been treated better when they first met, I focused on her resentment. Notice, I changed: “It had been an atrocious beginning” to “It reminded her of their atrocious beginning.” Then I immediately expressed Carlie’s early encounters with her four friends. At the end, I remind the readers what this scene is really all about—the differences in how these four women grieve the death of their friend.

FINAL WORD

Let me express that rules need to be incorporated into your story as you see fit. All rules don’t apply to all manuscripts. Some rules must be broken, so the integrity and authenticity of your story isn’t compromised. It all depends on the type of story you’re writing … what type of character you’ve created. A mafia boss won’t speak like a head of states spokesperson. And a homeless person may not have the manners of a chauffeur who caters to the rich.

You must decide what type of writer you want to be and what type of story you want to write.  Then, and only then can you incorporate the rules that best fit the era, the character, and the story.

So, the rules I have outlined must fit your story.

I’ll repeat what Lawrence Block once said: “If you want to write fiction, the best thing you can do is to take two aspirins, lie down in a dark room, and wait for the feeling to pass.”

Writing is hard work. Just when you think you’ve gotten it right, someone comes along and reveals all the missteps you’ve made.

But when you are as obsessed as I am, as many writers are, your fight to get your prose right only fuels more obsession.

Happy Writing!

Donna B. Comeaux

Author, Breathe for Me

Leave a comment if you like this post!

Writing Tips – Flashbacks/Backstory – No. 12

FLASHBACKS

How to Bring Background into the Foreground

I stole this title from Sol Stein’s Stein on Writing, a book he wrote and published in 1995. I love this book. I think a lot of writers of reference books could learn something extremely important from Sol Stein: Get to the point!

Stein doesn’t waste time with a bunch of nothing filling up the pages. He explains the point of his delivery, gives you an example of the bad and right way to write, and moves on to the next problematic issue. The book is 308 pages long, and that includes four pages of a Final Word and six pages of a Glossary.

I’m here today to discuss how to make your background sound like it’s happening in the present. And I have Sol Stein to thank for all that I’ve learned.

People get hung up on backstory. Too many writers feel like they must use “had” in every line to convey to their readers that they are speaking of the past. What they don’t understand is that they are boring their readers. And you know what readers do when they are bored with a book?

They yawn.

They fall asleep.

If pushed to the limit, they will place the book on a shelf.

And in a worst-case scenario, they will throw the book in the trash.

Ouch!

That is not on your mind when you spend hours sitting at your computer pounding the keys to finish your book.

You want people to enjoy the read. And most of all, you want readers to be so excited about the read that they’ll spread the word by writing a favorable book review.

But I must admit, habits die hard.

It’s easier to write “had” when we’re recapping the past.

But here’s another thing writers tend to forget. We are pushing our readers out of the story; completely excluding them when we use “had” so repetitively. You see, “had” is redundant when used too often. And there’s nothing about its use that helps a writer create an active scene. And if your scene isn’t active, your reader inevitably becomes an outsider. They are not immersed in the story because they are being “told” what is going on, not experiencing what’s going on.

Now, what do I mean exactly when I say the reader isn’t immersed in the story?

I mean, you as the writer, are “telling” your readers what’s happening rather than helping them participate in the story. You are not using strong verbs to help your readers relate to your characters’ feelings and what they are going through.

Still don’t get it?

Let me show you.

Example:

Caroline is beautiful. She’s always been pretty.

Explanation: In the sentence above, I just told you something about Caroline. She’s beautiful. She’s always been pretty.

When a writer creates sentences like this, one of the first things a reader is looking for next is an explanation that will define beauty from the beholder’s eyes. Beauty means different things to different people, so the reader wants to know what is it about Caroline that makes her beauty so special. The same can be said about pretty. And if we compare beautyto pretty, we’ll find ourselves tied in knots.

The reader may never be able to explain to a writer what’s missing. After all, they are readers, not writers. But writers are also readers and we know what’s missing when we read a book. There’s a sense of loss that overcomes a reader if the writer doesn’t explain the missing pieces, or doesn’t answer the unanswered questions.

It is our responsibility as a writer to give the reader what they hunger for, whether they realize why they are hungry or not.

Let me try to show you what the reader needs to understand what the character means by beauty or pretty.

A Better Example:

The smooth, oval shape of Caroline’s face didn’t have a trace of discoloration. Her sumptuous, full lips begged for a kiss. But it was her lashes that won Dillon over, feathering toward him and teasing him to come closer, to get down on one knee to propose, though he met her only an hour ago.

When you begin to write your manuscript, you are doing all you can to just get your manuscript on paper, to get all your thoughts down. The first draft is not the time to worry about such things as backstory.

Once your story is down on paper and you’ve come to the end, it’s during your later drafts that you want to concentrate on how your backstory comes across.

Backstory Example:

I remember when my boss had called me into his office and had said, “Sit down.” He had remained standing. In those days I was like a new army recruit. I had taken everything said to me as an order. I hadn’t wanted to sit down with him looming over me. (Stein on Writing, p.145)

As you can see, there are five “had” in the paragraph above. This is poor writing, lazy writing. I’m of the opinion that once you’ve established something is taking place in the past, you only need to use “had” once, or perhaps not at all. After using “had” once, write everything else as if it’s happening now, in the present. When it’s time to return to the present day in the novel, open the beginning paragraph with words like “now” or “Dillon shook the thought and continued on with …”

So, how can you improve on the Backstory Example above?

A Better Example:

Not too many years ago, my boss called me in his office and said, “Sit down, Dillon.” I remained standing. In those days, everything seemed like an order to me. I was a new recruit, green behind the ears, afraid a school principal would report me to Mother.

The first Backstory Example comes directly for Stein on Writing. The corrective version is partially my own concoction.

There are a couple of things I want you to notice in the “Better Example” version.

  1. The writer is not anchored to “had.” Without repetitive use of the word, the writer is free to be as creative as he wants when writing about the past.
  1. Notice all the new information the reader receives. They discover things about Dillon that they did not see in the previous version. They get to envision a new recruit being green behind the ears, that he feels like a boy all over again who may have been afraid to answer to his Mother.
  1. Everything mentioned in #2 above, helps the reader make a connection to Dillon. They can relate to being sent to the principal’s office, they can relate to being green behind the ears and probably teased because of it, and they get to see that Dillon wants to do what’s right (remain standing out of respect).

There is so much more that can be added to this backstory, but that will depend on the type of story you’re writing, and how much you want to delve into Dillon’s past at this point.

There is absolutely no reason why we as writers need to fill our prose with words that don’t do anything but clutter our writing and make it sluggish.

“Had” isn’t a bad word. It’s necessary. It’s the repetitive use that makes it distasteful. And keep that in mind about any word you use repetitively. We, by our very profession, are perfectionists. Writers are always looking for new ways to reinvent the wheel. One way to do that is to strive for clarity. To give your readers a clearer picture of what’s going on behind the scenes with your characters, we must unpackage these make-believe souls and unveil what makes them tick. In the Better Backstory version, you got to see what makes Dillon tick. He’s respectful. He follows the rules. He definitely has an affection and respect for his mother.

Backstory is an excellent place to unpeel the complex layers of your characters. Doing it in small doses creates a wonderful tease and brews tension. Creating backstories that feel like they are happening now is a wonderful opportunity to breeze your reader through a torrid past and make them feel like they just entered a brand new world. They don’t feel the drudgery and sluggishness of all the “had” that have gone by.

Habits die hard. I know. I’ve spent years perfecting the art of backstory. I still struggle with it. But I’ve tackled this issue long enough to know that if I stick with it and drench myself into a world that is happening before my eyes, and transfer it from my brain to the paper, my readers will forget they are reading about a past and feel totally immersed in a present that happened long ago. And believe me, my readers will thank me for the experience.

So, don’t avoid the stormy “had.” Stand in the rain of a backstory and wield your words around until you see daylight.

Then, sit back and pat yourself on the shoulder once you’ve transformed every “had” in every paragraph into an activepresent-day story.

Written by Donna B. Comeaux

Author, Breathe for Me

Need a critique partner, email me. Write Stuff is a critique group for romance writers.

BURNOUT! ! !

As of the writing of this article, it’s been a year since I published my fiction novel, Breathe for Me, and there hasn’t been a day that I’ve gone without learning something from my self-publishing experience.

Since publication, I have gone down so many rabbit holes that it’s not even funny, chasing everyone else’s recommended to-do list to make them my own. I’ve chased platforms to subscribe to, signed up for book promotions that left me no choice but to reduce the price of my book; and manipulated my finances so I could publish a hard copy which, by the way, never materialized.

All I have to show for my efforts is exhaustion.

I was so drained and tired that I couldn’t put two sentences together, or muster enough energy to walk to my computer. If I did, I couldn’t sit longer than thirty minutes. I began to moan for unknown reasons. Couldn’t cry if you stabbed me in the foot. I was emotionally spent. Tired of running. Tired of chasing. Tired of trying to dot every “I” and cross every “T.” Overcome by my lack of accomplishments. Literally earning pennies on every ten dollars I spent. Left discouraged, ready to quit, but defiant enough to try one more time. Kept telling myself … “If I can just get this one thing done today …”

This past August I bottomed out and shut down. My body quit. My mind went limp.

I didn’t write because I couldn’t write. I didn’t have it in me.

It got so bad that I couldn’t hold a conversation. No matter what I attempted to say, I didn’t make sense. I had to quit talking, and was too tired to explain why.

What’s the valuable lesson here?

No matter what you’re passionate about, take time to rest. Daily.

The publishing world will drive you crazy with all the to-dos. They are a selfish brood. And they will nickel and dime you to death and make promises they cannot keep.

I sit and chuckle at that because I remember a promotion I entered in March 2024. The headlines sounded promising. You pay $80 for a one-day book promo as voracious readers anxiously waited to hear about your book. I received nothing. A week later, once I calmed down from this debacle, I wrote a very courteous email to the platform who hosted the promo. They told me that the algorithms showed “no hits” on my book. They politely refunded my money.

If we listen to the publishing industry, we can end up in a slush pile of our own making.

Dreams are just dreams if we don’t use care to pursue them in a healthy and sane way.

Chaos is for novels. Wield and manipulate chaos with an expert hand and you’ll captivate an audience and have them turning page after page of your novel. But invoke that same chaos in your personal life and you will reap disaster.

All I want to do is write. That’s it! I never set out to make millions. But neither did I set out to spend millions.

I read an article in Publishers Weekly back in March 2024—it was an older article—about a man who over the last twenty years set out to write. He didn’t follow the tantalizing echoes of the publishing industry to get this done and that done. He blocked out all the noise and created a routine for himself. Stuck to it. And has since written over forty books. Somewhere along his writing journey, he made a name for himself and is doing very well.

Moral of that story?

Consistently writing new stories sells stories. You’ll probably glean something else from the Publishers Weekly story, but that’s my take on it.

That story has stuck with me. It won’t leave me. I realize now that I no longer want to pay attention to the naysayers or chase one platform after another. I want to sit and write one story at a time, making each story as great as it can be.

Since I was forced to stop everything I was doing several months ago, I can finally breathe again. The ground beneath my feet is stable. Doubt has dissipated. I’m smiling more. My energy has returned. My strategic and creative juices are flowing. I’m becoming comfortable in my own skin again. I’ve even taken the time to create a reasonable schedule, one that includes rest.

It’s of no benefit to work yourself into a stupor. Too often we won’t give ourselves permission to rest. And believe me, we can come up with some pretty convincing storylines to support our need to push ourselves. But listen carefully. If you refuse to rest, your body and mind will retaliate. And I don’t care how strong your will may be, your body will do some crazy things until you STOP and rest. Once your body shuts down, there will be dire consequences … consequences that will require a slow, a very slow recovery.

Like with any passion, pursue it diligently … with everything in you. But as you sit and create a workable schedule for yourself, it is essential that you purposely include a time to relax and regroup. Daily. Not when it’s convenient.

Our brain is a muscle. Muscles need to relax. Your brain isn’t designed to be constricted for long periods of time. Neither is your body.

Make rest a daily part of your writing schedule.

You’ll be more productive if you do.

If you have suggestions you would like to share to help others come up with a workable schedule, please share in the comments section.

Happy Writing!!!

Donna B. Comeaux

Author

October 13, 2024

 

Mastering the “To-Be” Verb Rule – “Was”

I’m sharing a link I ran across today on the to-be verb “was.” Many writers, including myself, overuse it.

It’s amazing that I stumbled on this article because I’m in the process of rewriting a family saga I finished years ago that I need to rewrite. One of the things I’m tackling and giving a great deal of thought to is the voice I want to use and how to go about omitting certain words from my prose, especially “was,” “could,” and “would.”

This article sheds a lot of light on the reasons why new writers struggle with omitting “was” from their prose. Once upon a time, I blamed it on our weak vocabulary. Though that may be the case, more than likely it’s because we don’t sit still long enough to think through a vocabulary of words locked inside our head.

Too often we’re in a hurry to get ideas down on paper, as we should. From experience, I have found that choosing stronger verbs should come near the end of your drafting cycle.

Why?

Because what’s important first and foremost is getting your ideas on paper. Going through a cycle of editing changes to make sure all of your ideas happen in sequential order is a must. By the time you get to draft #12 (or whatever the number of drafts may be), you can sit and fully concentrate on using stronger verbs.

Here is a link to a site to help you (1) get rid of “was”; (2) with ways to substitute stronger verbs; and (3) implement “was” sparingly.

https://www.septembercfawkes.com/2017/04/breaking-writing-rules-right-dont-use.html

This article has greatly benefitted me. I hope it also helps you.

HAPPY WRITING!

Donna B. Comeaux

Author

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